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Principal Investigator  
Principal Investigator's Name: RuoDing Wang
Institution: University of Toronto
Department: Pharmacology and Toxicology
Country:
Proposed Analysis: Our study will investigate the link between beta-blockers (BB) and apathy. Although there have been numerous studies over the years studying the relationship between BB and depression, the results have been conflicting. We hypothesize that these conflicting results are due to BB exerting their effects on specifically apathy, which has significant overlap in symptoms with depression. We propose that due to norepinephrine’s role in apathy and BB’s noradrenergic beta receptor antagonism, that BBs may increase the likelihood or severity of apathy. We will compare BB’s effects on apathy as well as neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognition in the ADNI database with other antihypertensives, as well as subgroup analyses on BBs which do and do not cross the blood brain barrier in normal cognition, MCI, and collectively.
Additional Investigators