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Principal Investigator  
Principal Investigator's Name: Truc Nguyen
Institution: Taipei Medical University
Department: National Taiwan University (NTU)
Country:
Proposed Analysis: Data of patients with AD are collected from three cohorts: 1) Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI, http://adni.loni.usc.edu/) in the US, 2) Dementia Center at Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, and 3) Dementia Centers at Hospital 30-4 and University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Inclusion criteria include 1) clinical diagnosis of AD, 2) Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 16/30, and 3) availability of NP tests. Clustering will be performed using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) in R (package NMF) (Gaujoux & Seoighe, 2010; Lee & Seung, 2001). Firstly, neuropsychological (NP) test results are subtyped into NP components by their component loading. Cophenetic correlation coefficient is used to determine the optimal number of components. Secondly, participants are subtyped into clusters based on the fit of their NP scores to the NP components. Next, demographic, clinical and neurobiological characteristics between different clusters of participants in each cohort will be compared with appropriate statistical tests (t test, χ^2, and Kruskal-Wallis). Subsequently, this comparison will be carried out for the pooling of three cohorts, in which variables with different scales will be normalized.
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